1. The symbol Y^r is now established to designate the gene for pale-yellow seeds (Maize Genetics Co�p. News Letter No. 22. 1948), since it controls the shade in a yellow base. Crosses with ms₁ and po gave the following results:

Total of ears selfed	Color of the seeds	Plants		Medium % of germination
		+	ms1
3	Yellow‑orange	199	28	60
	Pale‑yellow	56	15	64
	White	21	107	68
		+	po
3	Yellow‑orange	161	19	70
	Pale‑yellow	27	12	70
	White	25	59	86

The interrelations between Y^D and Y^R are as follows:

Y^D	--	Y^R	--	Yellow‑orange
Y^D	--	Y^r	Y^r
Y^d	Y^d	Y^R	--	Yellow
Y^d	Y^d	Y^r	Y^r	Pale‑yellow.

The separation of yellow‑orange and yellow seeds is sometimes difficult, the segregation obtained being 15:1 pale‑yellow. The pale‑yellow seeds in some crosses are very pale and could be confused with the white ones.