Maize Genetics Cooperation
Newsletter vol 85 2011
Beijing，China
Institute of Genetics CAS Hua-Tai Use for Specific Corn R.
＆D. Center
Zeng M Zeng Z
Application of Maize Mutation Types Induced
by Space Environment
to Plant Genetic and Breeding
In authors previous paper it is has been described that the
space environment has significant the effects on maize hereditary variation and
had obtained the different mutation types (MNL 2005, 79:3, 2006, 80:2; 2007,
81:2). This paper deals with the application of three mutation types to the
plant genetic and breeding which are based on the precision scheme of heterotic breeding of the space inducement.7 mutants belong
in three mutation types, i. e. the plant height, ear length
and grain types etc, mutation types ,are used as main experimental materials.19
new lines are developed, and 6 pairs of the superior genetic materials are
developed and screened with use for researching the machinery and regularity of
space inducement. Among them 11 elite lines (See Table 1-2, Fig. 1) containing
the 25%-50% blood relative of space inducement are applicated
to combined 7 superior hybrids, they have already adopted the regional and yield
potential trail for national or province (city, autonomous region) tests and (or)
obtained the examination and approval of crop varieties examine and approve
committee, to award certificates of new variety right, respectively. The accumulate
total for spread areas per year had reached the more 0.8 million Mu (0.053
million ha.). In below papers, ought to discussion the problems of rise combing
ability, biochemical component quality for space induced lines and hybrids and
construction of the breeding engineering system for space inducement. The
prospective on research progress for flight aerospace engineering breeding also
ought to mention.
Table 1.The characters and properties
for space Environment induced maize mutant
|
Original No. Item |
Mut2 |
Mut5 |
Mut6 |
Mut7 |
Mut8 |
Mut9 |
Mut12 |
|
Yi01-4-1 Sp2-3 |
U8112 Sp3-4 |
U8112 Sp3-2 |
U8112 Sp3-3 |
Me141 SP3-1 |
Me141 Sp3-2 |
Zi24 Sp4-5 |
|
|
Plant
height (cm) |
182.0 |
157.0 |
214.0 |
189.0 |
220.1 |
227.3 |
190.5 |
|
Ear
height (cm) |
75.1 |
50.1 |
93.0 |
82.5 |
97.2 |
100.1 |
88.7 |
|
Length
of the leaf at the ear site (cm) |
75.6 |
71.3 |
74.5 |
70.1 |
85.1 |
87.1 |
74.0 |
|
Width
of the leaf at the ear site (cm) |
9.1 |
10.0 |
9.4 |
9.5 |
10.0 |
10.1 |
10.0 |
|
Tassel
length (cm) |
50.0 |
43.1 |
46.2 |
45.1 |
47.2 |
52.6 |
41.0 |
|
Tassel
branch number |
15.0 |
9.0 |
15.1 |
15.2 |
15.3 |
14.0 |
8.5 |
|
Leaf
number |
20 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
22 |
22 |
21 |
|
Ear
Length (cm) |
13.9 |
14.1 |
20.2 |
19.1 |
17.1 |
18.5 |
17.0 |
|
Ear
diameter (cm) |
4.8 |
4.7 |
5.0 |
4.7 |
5.0 |
5.2 |
4.4 |
|
Number
of kernel row |
12 |
14~16 |
14 |
14 |
16 |
16 |
14 |
|
Kernel
number of each row |
33.0 |
31.0 |
32.0 |
33.0 |
34.2 |
32.3 |
35 |
|
Weitght of 100 kernel (g) |
27.1 |
22.1 |
24.8 |
22.7 |
24.7 |
28.5 |
19.8 |
|
Each
ear weight |
120.1 |
105.7 |
143.0 |
130.0 |
172.4 |
174.0 |
135.2 |
|
Kernel
weight per ear |
99.9 |
87.2 |
120.3 |
107.5 |
141.8 |
142.9 |
116.3 |
|
Ear
form, kernel type |
Spindle SD |
Spindle SD.D |
Cycle SF. |
Cycle F. |
Cycle SF. |
Cycle SD.SF |
Cycle wx |
|
Cob,
Kernel color |
W.Y. |
W.Y. |
W.Y. |
W.Y. |
W.Y. |
W.Y. |
R.W. |
|
Day
from seeding to kernel maturing |
55 |
57 |
57 |
57 |
64 |
64 |
58 |
|
Length for leaf-blade of
husk top(cm) |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
Length of ear handle(cm) |
6.0 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
6.3 |
6.9 |
6.4 |
5.0 |
|
Ear number per plant |
1～2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1～2 |
1～2 |
1～2 |
|
Level of leaf-blade erect |
Erect |
Erect |
Erect |
Erect |
General |
General |
More erect |
|
Resistance to E.turcicum & B.maydis |
HR |
HR |
HR |
HR |
HR |
HR |
R |
|
to P.inflatum,P.aphanidermatum, F.moniliforme & F.graminearum to S.holci-sorghi
to P.sorghi
& P.polysora |
MR HR HR |
HR MR HR |
HR MR HR |
HR MR HR |
HR HR HR |
HR HR HR |
MR HR HR |
Table
2.The characters and properties for the maize mutants came from inbred lines
|
Name Item |
Yio1-4-1 |
Zi:24 |
U8112 |
Me141 |
|
Plant
height (cm) |
143.1 |
191.5 |
190.0 |
181.5 |
|
Ear
height (cm) |
41.2 |
90.2 |
82.8 |
81.2 |
|
Length
of the leaf at the ear site (cm) |
67.2 |
75.2 |
41.8 |
88.6 |
|
Width
of the leaf at the ear site (cm) |
7.0 |
10.1 |
9.4 |
9.4 |
|
Tassel
length (cm) |
41.5 |
42.1 |
65.4 |
51.3 |
|
Tassel
branch number |
10.8 |
10.5 |
8.9 |
11.1 |
|
Leaf
number |
20 |
21 |
21 |
22 |
|
Ear
Length (cm) |
11.2 |
16.7 |
16.7 |
12.8 |
|
Ear
diameter (cm) |
3.5 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
5.1 |
|
Number
of kernel row |
12 |
14 |
12 |
18 |
|
Kernel
number of each row |
22 |
36 |
28 |
22 |
|
Weitght of 100 kernel (g) |
19.1 |
24.0 |
21.5 |
25.0 |
|
Each
ear weight |
61.0 |
145.7 |
84.0 |
123.4 |
|
Kernel
weight per ear |
50.1 |
124.3 |
71.0 |
101.0 |
|
Ear
form ,kernel type |
Cycle.SF |
Spindle.SDSF |
Cycle.D |
Cycle.SD |
|
Cob,
Kernel color |
W.Y. |
R.W. |
W.Y. |
W.YW |
|
Day
from seeding to kernel maturing |
57 |
58 |
60 |
69 |
|
Length for leaf-blade of
husk top(cm) |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
Length of ear handle(cm) |
5.0 |
5.1 |
6.0 |
6.3 |
|
Ear number per plant |
1～2 |
1～2 |
1 |
1～2 |
|
Level of leaf-blade erect |
Erect |
More erect |
Erect |
General |
|
Resistance to E.turcicum & B.maydis |
S |
MR |
MR |
HR |
|
to P.inflatum,P.aphanidermatum, F.moniliforme & F.graminearum |
MR |
MR |
HR |
HR |
|
to S.holci-sorghi |
HR |
HR |
MR |
HR |
|
to P.sorghi
& P.polysora |
HR |
HR |
HR |
HR |
Fig.1.Breeding
sketch map for 11 of inbred lines by using multiple cross and backcross methods
|
1.Me12 {[（Mo17×Zi330）⊗×Y78599⊗]⊗S6 variation plant×Mut5}⊗S5 ×(PHG analogous plant⊗×NRRSPⅠb analogous plant⊗) F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S8 (Me12) |
2.XH3 [HZGC1⊗S5×(HZGC2 analogous plant⊗×HZPC2 analogous
plant⊗)] ⊗S4×(Mut4×NRRSPⅠa analogous plant⊗)⊗ F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S7(XH3) |
|
3.Met88 [(NRRSPⅠb⊗×Me8)⊗S3×SW5P analogous plant ⊗S3] ⊗S3×Mut8 F2
pop.⊗, Selected,
Testcross�→S7(Met88) |
4.Mv02 [(Q1621×Y78599⊗)⊗S3×NRRSPⅠa ⊗S3] ⊗S3×Mut7 F2 pop.⊗, Selected ,Testcross�→S7(Mvo2) |
|
5.Me196 [(Ye3189 variation plant×Ye478)⊗S3×NRRSPⅠb analogous
plant⊗] ⊗S3×Mut8 F2 pop.⊗, Selected Testcross�→S8(Me196) |
6.Met883 [(NRRSPⅡb⊗×Me8)⊗S3×(SW3⊗× SW3P analogous plant⊗)] ⊗S3×Mut8 F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S8(Mett883) |
|
7.Me06 {[(Q1621×Y78599⊗)⊗S3×NRRSPⅡa ⊗S3] ⊗S3×Mut6 F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S8 (Me06) |
8.Met81 [(NRRSPⅠb⊗×Me81)⊗ S3×SW5P analogous plant⊗ S3] ⊗S3×Mut9 F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S7(Met81) |
|
9.Me05 [(Q1621×Y78599⊗)⊗S3×NRRSPⅠa⊗ S3] ⊗S3×(Ki45×Mo17 variation
plant⊗ S3) ⊗S3×Mut5 F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S8(Me05) |
10.Me07 [(Q1621×Y78599⊗)⊗S3×NRRSPⅠ a⊗ S3] ⊗S3×(Ki21×M017 variation
plant⊗ S3) ⊗S3×Mut7 F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S8(Me07) |
|
11.Me887wx Li502wxF2 pop.⊗ S1 variation plant⊗ S3 ⊗S3×ThaiWwx pop.⊗ S3 ⊗S3×Mut12wx F2 pop.⊗, Selected, Testcross�→S7(Me887wx) |
|
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