Maize
Genetics Cooperation Newsletter vol 84 2010
Please
Note: Notes submitted to the Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter may be cited
only with consent of authors.
MNLCORCUERA20101.DOC
CASTELAR,
ARGENTINA
INSTITUTO DE GEN�TICA DR. E. A.
FAVRET, CICVyA INTA CASTELAR AND
COMISI�N DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENT�FICAS PCIA. BUENOS AIRES (C.I.C.)
Yield evaluation trial of specialty maize inbreds
Corcuera
V.R.1, Kandus M.2, Salerno J.C.2,
Moreno-Ferrero V.3
1. Com.
Inv. Cient�f. Pcia. Bs. As. 2. Inst. Gen�tica E.A.
Favret-INTA 3. ETSIA-Universidad Polit�cnica de Valencia (Spain)
A completely randomized block
design yield trial was sown by the beginning of November 2009 in a surface
gently loaned by the School of Agriculture-Universidad Nacional de Lomas de
Zamora within their experimental campus placed at the location of Virrey del
Pino (Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina). The growing season 2008/09 was characterized by high
temperatures and droughtness. Fourty-four inbreds, including the six termed
CIG8, CIG12, CIG29, CIG30, CIG18 and CIG39 that are under official channels to
be inscribed in the National Register of Cultivar Property (R.P.N.C.) were
evaluated by their grain yield according to the following methodology. The ears
of each plot were hand harvested, threshed and the grains weighted. Kernel�s humidity
degree was determined using a portable humedimeter Protimeter
Grainmaster 900 and
kernels weight was corrected to commercial starndard humidity (15%). The average
yield per plant (AYP) was obtained dividing the kernels weight per plot by
the number of plants at harvest and was expressed in grams. Potential yield
(PY) expressed as kilograms of grain per hectare, was estimated multiplying the
AYP by 71,500 (plants density at harvest).
According to the type of grain
the inbreds tested can be grouped as: I. Modified starch, high amylopectin content maize (waxy), II. High-quality protein maize (HQP), III. High-quality
protein and modified starch maizes
(double mutants or DR), IV. Soft and starchy endosperm
(SE), V. Hard and vitreous
endosperm maize (VE).
The data for AYP and PY calculated for
each inbred tested are included in Table 1. The general media of the trial was 52.3 �
10.6 grams of kernels/plant (range= 31.4
to 72.9 grams.) and 3739.9 � 759.6 kilograms of
kernels/hectare (range= 2245.1 to 5212.4 Kg.
kernels/hectare) of which the minimun values belong to the waxy inbred CIG8 and the highest to the double mutant wxo2 CIG29.
The AYP, average PY and yield range for each group of inbreds are as
follows=
waxy
50.3 � 10.1 gr. kernel/plant and 3597,0 � 724,1 Kg. kernel/ha
(31.4 to 64.5 gr. kernel/plant
to 2245,1 to 4611.8 Kg. kernel/ha)
HQP 45.4 � 10.3 gr. kernel/plant and 3244,2 � 740,4 Kg. kernel/ha
(32.5 to 69.4 gr. kernel/plant and 2323,8 to 4962,1 Kg. kernel/ha)
DR
55.7 � 8.5 gr. kernel/plant and 3983,6 � 607,0 Kg. kernel/ha
(44.1
to 72.9 gr. kernel/plant and 3153,2 to 5212,4 Kg. kernel/ha)
SE
57.6 � 6.1 gr. kernel/plant
and 4118,4
� 439,9 Kg. kernel/ha
(50.1 a 64.1 gr. kernel/plant and 3582,2 to
4583,2 Kg. kernel/ha)
VE 69.0 � 3.8 gr. kernel/plant
and 4933,5 � 273,0 Kg. kernel/ha
(66.3 to 71.7 gr. kernel/plant and 4740,5 to
5126,6 Kg. kernel/ha)
The
groups of inbreds with hard and starch endosperm (VE and SE) showed the
shortest dispersion of values for AYP (CV%=
5.5 and 10.7 respectively) whilst the HQP inbreds shown the greatest
divergence for this descriptor (CV%= 22.7).
The above results point out that in average, the quality protein materials are
the less yielding ones, all the opposite than hard endosperm inbreds whilst
similar results were obtained for the double mutants and starchy endosperm
inbreds tested.
When the
averages were compared applying Student�s
t test it was found that there are highly significant differences amongst
the waxy, HQP and DR inbreds in
relation to the VE group as well as
significant differences were detected between HQP and SE or HQP and DR inbreds (see Table 2).
It must
be said that the yield of the inbreds termed CIG1 to CIG32 decreased
approximately a 15% in relation to the values calculated in a MET conducted at the
location of Llavallol (Province of Buenos Aires) during 2002/03 to 2004/05.
TABLE 1= Yield average for each inbred evaluated
during 2008/09 growing season
INBRED |
TYPE |
AYP |
PY |
INBRED |
TYPE |
AYP |
PY |
CIG1 |
Waxy |
55,1 |
3939,7 |
CIG56 |
H |
32,5 |
2323,8 |
CIG4 |
Waxy |
60,7 |
4340,1 |
CIG57 |
H |
35,8 |
2559,7 |
CIG6 |
Waxy |
51,2 |
3660,8 |
CIG27 |
DR |
67,0 |
4790,5 |
CIG7 |
Waxy |
41,4 |
2960,1 |
CIG29 |
DR |
72,9 |
5212,4 |
CIG8 |
Waxy |
31,4 |
2245,1 |
CIG30 |
DR |
61,5 |
4397,3 |
CIG9 |
Waxy |
53,7 |
3839,6 |
CIG36 |
DR |
60,4 |
4318,6 |
CIG10 |
Waxy |
64,5 |
4611,8 |
CIG38 |
DR |
55,8 |
3989,7 |
CIG11 |
Waxy |
44,0 |
3146,0 |
CIG39 |
DR |
50,1 |
3582,2 |
CIG12 |
Waxy |
55,3 |
3954,0 |
CIG40 |
DR |
60,3 |
4311,5 |
CIG13 |
Waxy |
64,5 |
4611,7 |
CIG42 |
DR |
47,8 |
3417,7 |
CIG15 |
Waxy |
37,7 |
2695,6 |
CIG43 |
DR |
45,9 |
3281,9 |
CIG41 |
Waxy |
48,9 |
3496,4 |
CIG44 |
DR |
53,7 |
3839,6 |
CIG49 |
Waxy |
45,6 |
3260,4 |
CIG47 |
DR |
44,1 |
3153,2 |
CIG16 |
HQP |
43,2 |
3088,8 |
CIG50 |
DR |
63,4 |
4533,1 |
CIG17 |
HQP |
55,0 |
3932,5 |
CIG52 |
DR |
45,5 |
3253,3 |
CIG18 |
HQP |
49,6 |
3546,4 |
CIG55 |
DR |
51,6 |
3689,4 |
CIG20 |
HQP |
69,4 |
4962,1 |
CIG48 |
SE |
60,8 |
4347,2 |
CIG23 |
HQP |
49,3 |
3525,0 |
CIG51 |
SE |
64,1 |
4583,2 |
CIG34 |
HQP |
41,5 |
2967,3 |
CIG53 |
SE |
55,4 |
3961,1 |
CIG35 |
HQP |
37,3 |
2667,0 |
CIG54 |
SE |
50,1 |
3582,2 |
CIG45 |
HQP |
40,2 |
2874,3 |
CIG32 |
VE |
71,7 |
5126,6 |
CIG46 |
HQP |
45,3 |
3239,0 |
CIG37 |
VE |
66,3 |
4740,5 |
TABLE 2= Comparison of groups AYP by means of
Student�s t test
|
HQP |
DR |
SE |
VE |
waxy |
1.17
ns |
1.47
ns |
1.75
ns |
4.79
** |
HQP |
|
2.64
* |
2.79
* |
5.73
** |
DR |
|
|
0.49
ns |
3.71
** |
SE |
|
|
|
2.78
ns |
ns= non-significant differences; *= significant at p: 0.05 level; **= significant
at p: 0.01 level